Iran is building shelters for Russian Su-35S fighters. Satellite images provide evidence of this.

Iranian and Russian authorities continue to demonstrate a strategic rapprochement that could change the balance of power in the Middle East region.

In September 2024, satellite images from Google Earth recorded construction of arched shelters at the 3rd Tactical Air Base of the Iranian Air Force near the city of Hamadan. The dimensions of the shelters – 25 by 30 meters – significantly exceed the dimensions of the F-4 Phantoms based there, but are ideal for Su-35S.

“These shelters demonstrate that Iran is preparing to accept the Su-35S, which underscores the strengthening of its military cooperation with the Russian Federation,” – notes the publication Defense Express November 15, 2024.

This event causes serious concern among Iran's neighbors and, above all, Israel.

“The development of infrastructure for the Su-35S demonstrates not only Iran’s readiness to receive them, but also its dependence on Russian military support,” – the publication notes.

Why did Iran abandon underground shelters?

Previously, Iran used underground structures to protect its aircraft. For example, in March 2023, the Eagle 44 underground air base was put into operation, the construction of which has continued since 2013. This base was originally intended for the F-4 Phantom, but satellite imagery later showed a mock-up of the Su-35S, indicating a change in targets.

However, recent data suggests that ground shelters are now being built for the Su-35S. Possible reasons:

• Construction speed. Arched shelters are built faster and cheaper than underground bases.
• Technical limitations. The Su-35S may require special operating conditions, including increased ventilation and access requirements.
• Secrecy. Underground structures attract more attention, while above-ground shelters may be less visible from an operational standpoint.

“The decision to build above-ground shelters instead of underground ones may be due to the operational need to speed up preparations for receiving aircraft,” – the material says.

What does this alliance mean for Israel?

Iran and Russia are joining forces to strengthen their positions against Western countries as well as their allies, including Israel. Threats from the Su-35S become real due to their technical characteristics:

• Range: The Su-35S is capable of striking at distances of up to 1,600 km.
• Weapons: These fighters are equipped with air-to-ground, air-to-air missiles and anti-ship systems.
• Compatibility with Iranian missiles: The alliance with Russia allows Iran to integrate advanced technologies, creating new challenges for Israel's air defense.

“The Su-35S is capable of reaching key targets in Israel and radically changing the balance of power in the region,” – says the material Defense Express.

Iran's goals: expanding its zone of influence

Su-35S can be used by Iran for:

1. Support for groups in Syria and Lebanon. Strengthening arms supplies through controlled air corridors.
2. Control over the Persian Gulf. Threats to oil routes and escalation in the region.
3. Shows of force. A political signal to the US, Israel and the Gulf countries about their military power.

Additionally, Iran could use these aircraft for training, improving the skills of its pilots and preparing for a possible escalation.

How is Russia helping Iran?

The Iran-Russia partnership goes beyond supplying the Su-35S:

• Technological transfer. In October 2024, it became known that Russia had granted Iran a license to produce the Su-35S, and possibly the Su-30.
• Joint developments. The production of Iranian missiles using Russian technology is being discussed.
• Instructors and training. Russian specialists are actively helping the Iranian military adapt to new technology.

In October 2024, reports emerged that Iran will not only receive ready-made Su-35S, but also acquired a license for their production. This assumes the possibility of producing from 48 to 72 aircraft. A license to assemble the Su-30 is also being considered, which will significantly strengthen the country’s aviation forces.

“Licensed production of Russian aircraft can take the Iranian Air Force to a new level of capabilities,” – states Defense Express.

The move may indicate Tehran's long-term plans to modernize its air force.

“This alliance demonstrates Russia’s willingness to deepen ties with Tehran, ignoring the possible consequences for global security,” – emphasizes Defense Express.

Threat to Israel and the region

Israel has long viewed Iran as its main adversary in the Middle East. The alliance with Russia and the supply of Su-35S are adding to the already tense situation.

“Russia provides Iran not only with technology, but also with strategic support, making this alliance a unique threat to Israel,” – analysts say.

The capabilities of the Su-35S, combined with Iranian ballistic missiles such as the Shahab-3 and Fateh-110, pose challenges to Israel's missile defense system, including the Iron Dome.

Table: Comparison of the capabilities of the Su-35S and Iranian F-4 Phantom

Conclusion: new challenges for the region

The alliance between Iran and Russia to supply the Su-35S poses a serious threat to the stability of the Middle East. Israel and its allies will have to take these changes into account in their defense strategies.

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